{"id":722,"date":"2014-05-05T02:43:29","date_gmt":"2014-05-05T02:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/s526211630.onlinehome.us\/?page_id=722"},"modified":"2015-09-30T19:03:09","modified_gmt":"2015-09-30T19:03:09","slug":"korean-lessons-lesson-6","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/?page_id=722","title":{"rendered":"Korean lessons: Lesson 6"},"content":{"rendered":"

Subject marker: –<\/strong>\uc774<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\uac00 <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

As mentioned in Lesson 1, Korean is an agglutinating language. It means that Korean uses little grammatical devices attached to words to specify their roles in a sentence. English is not an agglutinating language, employing rather a fixed word order and prepositions in order to specify the role of each part.<\/p>\n

A subject of a sentence is the agent (doer) of the action described by the sentence. Assuming that a state of being can also be treated as an action, a subject can take any kind of predicate, i.e., a verbal, an adjectival, or a nominal predicate. Think of “S goes,” “S is bad,” and “S is a man.” In each case, S is the subject. To mark this subject, Korean attaches either \uc774 or \uac00 to it. -\uc774 is used when the subject word ends without a final consonant (patch’im), whereas -\uac00 is for those ending without a final consonant.<\/p>\n

Only nouns can be subjects in Korean, such is the case in English. In other words, when you see a part of a sentence attached with -\uc774 or -\uac00, you will know that it must be a noun. However, you might hear sometimes people say sentences without using subject markers -\uc774\/\uac00 for subjects. It is because the sentences were simple and a conversational reality is presumed. For these sentences, subject markers can be replaced by a short pause. In sentences the structure of which is complex, or in written forms, the markers should be specified.<\/p>\n

Now, let’s look at some more examples.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
subject<\/td>\n<\/td>\npredicate<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\uc774 \ubc14\uc9c0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\uac00<\/td>\n\ud3b8\uc548\ud574\uc694.<\/td>\nThese pants are comfortable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\uae30\ucc28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\uac00<\/td>\n\uc640\uc694.<\/td>\nThe train is coming.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\uc774<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/td>\nThe teacher is laughing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\uc800\uac83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\uc774<\/td>\n\ud559\uad50\uc774\uc5d0\uc694.<\/td>\nThat (over there) is a school.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\uc774\uac83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\uc774<\/td>\n\uacf0\uc774\uc608\uc694.<\/td>\nThis is a bear.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n


\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\uc5f0\uc2b5 <practice><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Use the following pairs of words to make sentences in mid-poite style. Don’t forget to use subject markers, and to translate each sentence, as given in the above examples.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nsubject<\/td>\npredicate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1.<\/td>\n\uc774 \uc0ac\ub78c (this person)<\/td>\n\uce5c\uad6c (friend)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n\uc7a5\ubbf8 (rose)<\/td>\n\ube44\uc2f8\ub2e4 (to be expensive)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n\ubb3c (water)<\/td>\n\ucc28\ub2e4 (to be cold)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n\ub098\ubb34 (tree)<\/td>\n\uc88b\ub2e4 (to be good)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n\uc800 \uc0ac\ub78c (that person)<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud558\ub2e4 (to be healthy)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n\ub3c8 (money)<\/td>\n\ub9ce\ub2e4 (to be many\/much)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n\uc544\uae30 (baby)<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8.<\/td>\n\uc774\uac83 (this [thing])<\/td>\n\ubaa8\uc790 (hat; cap)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.<\/td>\n\uc5ec\uae30 (here; this place)<\/td>\n\ud559\uad50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.<\/td>\n\ubc14\uc9c0<\/td>\n\uc791\ub2e4 (to be small)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11.<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80 (studying)<\/td>\n\uc2eb\ub2e4 (to be dislikable)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12.<\/td>\n\ucc28 (car)<\/td>\n\uc624\ub2e4 (to come)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13.<\/td>\n\uce5c\uad6c<\/td>\n\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4 (to work)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14.<\/td>\n\uc9d1 (home)<\/td>\n\uc5b4\ub514 (where)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15.<\/td>\n\uc800 \uc0ac\ub78c<\/td>\n\ub204\uad6c (who)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16.<\/td>\n\ucc45 (book)<\/td>\n\uc2f8\ub2e4 (to be cheap)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17.<\/td>\n\ubbf8\uad6d (America)<\/td>\n\uba40\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18.<\/td>\n\uc774 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 (this computer)<\/td>\n\uad1c\ucc2e\ub2e4 (to be okay)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19.<\/td>\n\ub3d9\uc0dd (a younger sibling)<\/td>\n\uc790\ub2e4 (to sleep)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20.<\/td>\n\uc219\uc81c (homework)<\/td>\n\ub9ce\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Click for the answers.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Subject marker: –\uc774\/\uac00 As mentioned in Lesson 1, Korean is an agglutinating language. It means that Korean uses little grammatical devices attached to words to specify their roles in a sentence. English is not an agglutinating language, employing rather a…<\/p>\n

Read more →<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":647,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/722"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=722"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1011,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/722\/revisions\/1011"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}