{"id":787,"date":"2014-05-05T03:18:19","date_gmt":"2014-05-05T03:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/s526211630.onlinehome.us\/?page_id=787"},"modified":"2014-05-05T03:20:02","modified_gmt":"2014-05-05T03:20:02","slug":"korean-lessons-lesson-13","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/?page_id=787","title":{"rendered":"Korean lessons: Lesson 13"},"content":{"rendered":"

Locative markers – <\/span> \uc5d0\uc11c <\/span> and – <\/span> \uc5d0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

So far, we have used – \uc5d0 as a marker indicating a place. We now have a new location marker: – \uc5d0\uc11c . The meaning of – \uc5d0\uc11c is ‘in’, used after a noun, like a postposition (the opposite concept to English ‘preposition’). For example:<\/p>\n

\ub098\ub294 \uc740\ud589\uc5d0\uc11c<\/b> \uc77c\ud574\uc694 . I work at <\/b> a bank.<\/p>\n

Now it becomes quite puzzling how – \uc5d0 and – \uc5d0\uc11c are different.<\/p>\n

(1) Meaning of ‘in (or at\/on)’<\/h5>\n

– \uc5d0 indicates the place of a state of being (\uc788\ub2e4<\/span>, \uc5c6\ub2e4<\/span>, \uacc4\uc2dc\ub2e4, etc.)<\/span><\/p>\n

– \uc5d0\uc11c indicates the place of an action (<\/span>\ud558\ub2e4<\/span>, \uc77c\ud558\ub2e4<\/span>, \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4<\/span>, \uba39\ub2e4, etc.) <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

NB) \uc0b4\ub2e4 is rather peculiar, being used with both – \uc5d0 and – \uc5d0\uc11c . No apparent semantic difference is noticed, except that – \uc5d0\uc11c with \uc0b4\ub2e4 induces more vivid image of ‘life’ than simple ‘dwelling’.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) With directional predicates (<\/span>\uac00\ub2e4<\/span>, <\/span>\uc624\ub2e4<\/span>, <\/span>\ub2e4\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>, etc.)\u00a0<\/span> <\/span><\/h5>\n

– \uc5d0 means ‘to’. <\/span><\/p>\n

– \uc5d0\uc11c means ‘from’. <\/span><\/p>\n

NB) \ub123\ub2e4 (to put) and \uc549\ub2e4 (to sit) also use – \uc5d0 because these verbs are recognized to be directional.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\uae40 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c<\/b> \uc624\uc168\uc5b4\uc694 . Mr. Kim came from <\/b> Korea.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

We may understand that – \uc5d0\uc11c still keeps the meaning of ‘in’ and that it is the directionality implied by the predicate that produces the sense of ‘from’. In the above example, although Mr. Kim may not be in Korea at the time that the sentence is spoken, his action of ‘coming’ must have started in <\/i> Korea. <\/span><\/p>\n

The following table summarizes what we have discussed above.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

– \uc5d0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

– \uc5d0\uc11c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

state<\/p>\n

( \uc788\ub2e4 , \uc5c6\ub2e4 , \uacc4\uc2dc\ub2e4 )<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

in <\/i> ( at <\/i> )<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc9d1\uc5d0<\/b> \uc788\uc5b4\uc694 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

x<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

directional<\/p>\n

( \uac00\ub2e4 , \uc624\ub2e4 , \ub2e4\ub2c8\ub2e4 )<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to<\/span> <\/i><\/p>\n

\ud559\uad50\uc5d0<\/b> \uac00\uc694 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

from <\/i><\/p>\n

\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c<\/b> \uc654\uc5b4\uc694<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

action<\/p>\n

( \uba39\ub2e4 , \ubcf4\ub2e4 , \uc77c\ud558\ub2e4 , etc.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

x<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

in <\/i> ( at <\/i> )<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc740\ud589\uc5d0\uc11c<\/b> \uc77c\ud574\uc694 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n

\u00a0<\/caption>\n<\/table>\n

x indicates that the respective marker is not used with the predicates. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Click here for sample practice.<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Locative markers – \uc5d0\uc11c and – \uc5d0 So far, we have used – \uc5d0 as a marker indicating a place. We now have a new location marker: – \uc5d0\uc11c . The meaning of – \uc5d0\uc11c is ‘in’, used after a…<\/p>\n

Read more →<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":647,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/787"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=787"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":791,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/787\/revisions\/791"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.learnkorean.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}